CONCLUSION AND SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: Readmission to residential treatment is common and linked to both individual vulnerabilities and system-level factors. Strengthening protocols for alcohol and opioid use, enhancing coordination between detox and residential treatment, and targeting high-risk groups may reduce readmission. Interventions addressing non-completion of detox and delayed transitions could further reduce treatment readmission. This study uniquely examines readmission in relation...

Drug use harms physical and mental health and disrupts family, social, and work life. We compared substance-use patterns in adolescents versus adults across sociopsychological and behavioral domains. Sixty participants who acknowledged psychoactive-substance use were enrolled: 30 adolescents (16-17 years) and 30 adults (18-47 years). The Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) and a brief sociological questionnaire were administered. Adolescents reported more polydrug use (p

CONCLUSIONS: Participants seeking treatment for CUD exhibited selectively increased decisional incentive sensitivity, relative to controls. For the male CUD participants, greater incentive sensitivity was associated with greater VSt DA release and better CRA+V outcome. These findings appear partially consistent with previous findings on cognition and motivation in individuals with CUD, and suggest a heuristic model connecting striatal DA, incentive sensitivity, and CRA+V outcome.

Ecgonine methyl ester (EME) is a primary metabolite of cocaine widely used in forensic toxicology, yet it is often regarded as problematic for direct GC-MS analysis due to presumed thermal instability and surface-related losses. In this study, the stability of EME and its isotopically labeled analogue (EME-d₃) was systematically investigated under realistic laboratory conditions relevant to forensic workflows. Injector temperature, solvent composition, storage conditions, container material,...

Stress is known to play a critical role in relapse to drug use as well as in food craving. Craving itself is a key determinant of relapse, and cue-induced drug craving has been shown to increase, or 'incubate', over time for certain drugs such as cocaine and nicotine, though this effect is less consistent for others such as opiates. However, the modulations of stress-related biochemical systems after early or protracted withdrawal that could contribute to this incubation phenomenon have not yet...

Cocaine abuse remains a significant global public health challenge, yet no specifically approved pharmacotherapies are currently available. While enzyme-based strategies offer promise, an effective treatment must address not only cocaine but also its major active and/or toxic metabolites-benzoylecgonine, norcocaine, and cocaethylene, several of which exhibit greater toxicity than cocaine itself. Here, we report for the first time that two engineered cocaine esterases, E196-301 and BZEase2, are...