AGGIORNAMENTO SCIENTIFICO IN TEMPO REALE FORNITO DA:
- Electric field modeling in personalizing TMS interventionsby Moritz Dannhauer on 7 Dicembre 2023
The modeling of TMS-induced electric fields (E-fields) serves as a versatile technique for evaluating and refining brain targeting and dosing strategies, while also providing insights into dose-response relationships in the brain. This review outlines the methodologies employed to derive E-field estimations, covering TMS physics, modeling assumptions, and aspects of subject-specific head tissue and coil modeling. We also summarize various numerical methods for solving the E-field, and their...
- Movement predictability modulates sensorimotor processingby Miriam Altermatt on 6 Dicembre 2023
INTRODUCTION: An important factor for optimal sensorimotor control is how well we are able to predict sensory feedback from internal and external sources during movement. If predictability decreases due to external disturbances, the brain is able to adjust muscle activation and the filtering of incoming sensory inputs. However, little is known about sensorimotor adjustments when predictability is increased by availability of additional internal feedback. In the present study we investigated how...
- TMS disruption of the lateral prefrontal cortex increases neural activity in the default mode network when naming facial expressionsby David Pitcher on 4 Dicembre 2023
Recognizing facial expressions is dependent on multiple brain networks specialized for different cognitive functions. In the current study, participants (N = 20) were scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), while they performed a covert facial expression naming task. Immediately prior to scanning thetaburst transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was delivered over the right lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), or the vertex control site. A group whole-brain analysis revealed...
- Induction of excitatory brain state governs plastic functional changes in visual cortical topologyby Ulf T Eysel on 2 Dicembre 2023
Adult visual plasticity underlying local remodeling of the cortical circuitry in vivo appears to be associated with a spatiotemporal pattern of strongly increased spontaneous and evoked activity of populations of cells. Here we review and discuss pioneering work by us and others about principles of plasticity in the adult visual cortex, starting with our study which showed that a confined lesion in the cat retina causes increased excitability in the affected region in the primary visual cortex...
- Considerable effects of lateralization and aging in intracortical excitation and inhibitionby Zhongfei Bai on 30 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSION: Lateralization and aging have independent and significant effects on intracortical excitation and inhibition in healthy adults. The functional decline of excitatory and inhibitory circuits in the M1 is associated with aging.
- Application of transcranial brain stimulation in dementiaby Yuncin Luo on 30 Novembre 2023
The number of patients with dementia grows rapidly as the global population ages, which posits tremendous health-care burden to the society. Only cholinesterase inhibitors and a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist have been approved for treating patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and their clinical effects remained limited. Medical devices serve as an alternative therapeutic approach to modulating neural activities and enhancing cognitive function. Four major brain stimulation...
- Effects of Acute and Chronic Gabapentin Treatment on Cardiovascular Function of Ratsby Ved Vasishtha Pendyala on 9 Dicembre 2023
Gabapentin (GBP), a GABA analogue, is primarily used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of partial seizures and neuropathic pain. Whereas a majority of the side effects are associated with the nervous system, emerging evidence suggests there is a high risk of heart diseases in patients taking GBP. In the present study, we first used a preclinical model of rats to investigate, firstly, the acute cardiovascular responses to GBP (bolus i.v. injection, 50 mg/kg) and secondly the effects of...
- Naturally Inspired Molecules for Neuropathic Pain Inhibition-Effect of Mirogabalin and Cebranopadol on Mechanical and Thermal Nociceptive Threshold in Miceby Kinga Sałat on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: Since mirogabalin and cebranopadol are effective in animal models of neuropathic pain, they seem to be promising novel therapies for various types of neuropathic pain in patients, in particular those who are resistant to available analgesics.
- Effect of Repeated Greater Occipital Nerve Block in Patients with Ocular Neuropathic Pain: A Retrospective Observational Studyby Jonghwan Lee on 9 Dicembre 2023
Ocular neuropathic pain (ONP) has various etiologies, and patients have various symptoms. The clinical management of patients with ONP has been debated. We aimed to evaluate the effect of repeated greater occipital nerve block (GONB) on ONP based on convergence in the trigeminocervical complex. In this single-center retrospective study, the medical records of 204 patients who were referred to the pain clinic by the ophthalmology department of our hospital and subsequently underwent repeated GONB...
- Neuropathy, Its Profile and Experimental Nerve Injury Neuropathic Pain Models: A Reviewby Krishana Kumar Sharma on 7 Dicembre 2023
Neuropathy is a terrible disorder that has a wide range of etiologies. Drug-induced neuropathy, which happens whenever a chemical agent damages the peripheral nerve system, has been linked here to the iatrogenic creation of some drugs. It is potentially permanent and causes sensory impairments and paresthesia that typically affects the hands, feet, and stockings; motor participation is uncommon. It might appear suddenly or over time, and the long-term outlook varies. The wide range of chronic...
- Radiofrequency Ablation for the Management of Pain of Spinal Origin in Orthopedicsby E Carlos Rodriguez-Merchan on 7 Dicembre 2023
Radiofrequency (RF) is a minimally invasive procedure for interrupting or modifying nociceptive pathways to manage musculoskeletal neuropathic and nociplastic pain. RF has been used to manage cervical and lumbar facet joint syndromes. The benefits of RF are the following: it is safer than surgery; it doesn´t need general anesthesia, by that means diminishing the complications; it causes pain alleviation for a minimum of 3-4 months; it can be repeated if needed; it improves joint function; and it...
- Trigeminal Neuralgia in Advanced Head and Neck Cancer: A Complex Palliative Care Caseby Carolina Vidal on 7 Dicembre 2023
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a chronic neuropathic pain disorder characterized by paroxysms of electric shock-like or stabbing pain in the face. This condition is associated with poor quality of life. First-line treatment includes carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine, but some cases show refractory symptoms to this approach. We describe a challenging case of secondary TN due to an advanced head and neck cancer managed by a palliative care team.
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation with and without a Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Breathlessness in People Living with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Randomized Controlled Trialby Marie T Williams on 9 Dicembre 2023
(1) Background: Most controlled trials of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) in people living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have targeted anxiety and depression. (2) Methods: This pragmatic randomized controlled trial explored whether a comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation program (CPRP) with CBT for breathlessness or social group control (CPRP + SC) significantly improved health outcomes. (3) Results: People with moderate-to-severe COPD were block randomized (CPRP + CBT n =...
- Correlation between Ankle Imaging Findings and Self-Reported Outcomes: A Longitudinal Assessment in Patients with Tibiofibular Diastasisby Samer Hosin on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: These findings underscore the advantages of screw removal in enhancing physical recovery and reducing anxiety in the short term, while indicating similar long-term mental health outcomes between treatment approaches.
- Clinical Characteristics of Individuals with Interstitial Lung Diseases and Indication of End-of-Life Careby Gabriela Krinski on 9 Dicembre 2023
End-of-life care (EOLC) is palliative support provided in the last 6 months to 1 year of a patient's life. Although there are established criteria for its indication, few studies describe the clinical and functional characteristics of individuals with interstitial lung diseases (ILD) in EOLC. ILD individuals underwent various assessments, including lung function, exercise capacity (6 min walk test), physical activity in daily life (PADL), peripheral muscle strength, maximal respiratory...
- Exploring Social Bonds and Well-Being in Young Adults during and beyond the COVID-19 Pandemicby Emanuela Mari on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: While numerous studies have focused on mental health, there has been limited exploration of protective factors, which could represent a different perspective that emphasizes individuals' resources rather than their vulnerabilities.
- Mediating Effect of Stress Recognition on the Effect of Generalized Anxiety Disorder on Smartphone Dependenceby Se Ryeon Lee on 9 Dicembre 2023
The widespread adoption of the smartphone has led to both positive and negative consequences for adolescents' mental health. This study examines the interplay between smartphone dependence (SPD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and various mental health outcomes among Korean adolescents. Data from the 16th Adolescence Health Behavior Survey (2020), including 54,948 middle and high school students, were analyzed. Adolescents were categorized into three groups based on SPD severity. The GAD-7...
- Maternal Stress, Anxiety, Well-Being, and Sleep Quality in Pregnant Women throughout Gestationby Rosalia Pascal on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: Maternal stress and anxiety, compromised maternal well-being, and sleep quality disturbances are prevalent throughout pregnancy. Anxiety and compromised sleep quality may increase over gestation. The screening of these conditions at different stages of pregnancy and awareness of the associated risk factors can help to identify women at potential risk.
- Mental Health Conditions, Including Depression and Stress, Are Associated with Increased Odds of Gastric Cancer-Insights into the Role of Diet: A Case-Control Studyby Farhad Vahid on 9 Dicembre 2023
Several risk factors, including nutritional/lifestyle ones, play a role in gastric cancer etiology. Further interactions with mental health have also been emphasized. We hypothesized that individuals with mental disorders would exhibit compromised nutrient intake, increasing their risk of gastric cancer. The state of mental health was evaluated in 82 patients with gastric cancer and 95 healthy controls using the 21-item Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale. The participants' dietary intakes were...
- Relationship between Fear of COVID-19, Intolerance of Uncertainty, and Coping Strategies on University Students' Mental Healthby Elodie Charbonnier on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: these findings indicate that intolerance of uncertainty should be targeted by interventions designed to help students with high levels of anxiety, depressive symptoms, and/or eating-related problems.
- The Antidepressant Activity of a Taurine-Containing Derivative of 4-Phenylpyrrolidone-2 in a Model of Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stressby Denis A Borozdenko on 9 Dicembre 2023
This study investigates the therapeutic potential of a new compound, potassium 2-[2-(2-oxo-4-phenylpyrrolidin-1-yl) acetamido]ethanesulfonate (Compound I), in depression. Willner's chronic unpredictable mild stress model of male Wistar rats was used as a depression model. The rats were randomized into four groups, including an intact group, a Compound I group, a Fluoxetine group, and a control group with saline. Behavioral tests, such as the Porsolt forced swim test, hole-board test, elevated...
- Late Luteal Subphase Food Craving Is Enhanced in Women with Obesity and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)by Ajna Hamidovic on 9 Dicembre 2023
Dysregulated food craving is a complex weight-related behavior. To identify novel targets for enhancing the efficacy of weight loss interventions, we examined whether food craving varies across the menstrual cycle according to the abdominal obesity type and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) diagnosis, and, if so, whether it is related to affective symptomatology. Reproductive-age women were classified into one of the four study groups according to whether they have abdominal obesity (AO) or...
- Development of Visible Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Tricyclic Antidepressants Based on Formation of Molecular Complexes with p-Benzoquinonesby Maria D Ciuca on 9 Dicembre 2023
Tricyclic antidepressants are commonly employed in the management of major depressive disorders. The present work describes two visible (VIS) spectrophotometric techniques that utilize the formation of charge transfer complexes between four antidepressant compounds, namely, amitriptyline hydrochloride (AMI), imipramine hydrochloride (IMI), clomipramine hydrochloride (CLO), and trimipramine maleate (TRI) acting as electron donors and two p-benzoquinones, namely, p-chloranilic acid (pCA) and...
- Effects of Coverlys TF150® on the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Grapeby Zhonghan Li on 9 Dicembre 2023
Grape rain-shelter cultivation is a widely employed practice in China. At present, the most commonly used rain shelter film materials are polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and polyolefin (PO). Coverlys TF150^(®) is a woven fabric with an internal antifoggy PE coating that has not yet been popularized as a rain shelter film for grapes in China. To investigate the effects of Coverlys TF150^(®) on grapes, we measured the microdomain environment,...
- Effects of brief cognitive behavioral therapy on mental health in substance-related disorder: a randomized controlled trialby Seyed Mohammad Amin Alavi on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: The results of the current study show that brief CBT is effective on psychiatric health, especially anxiety and sleep disorders, whereas brief CBT fails to affect the patient's depression, somatic symptoms, and social dysfunction.
- Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial Testing the Efficacy of a Transdiagnostic Virtual Reality-Based Intervention for the Reduction of Unhealthy Lifestyles and Behaviors in the General Populationby Valentina Gardini on 9 Dicembre 2023
Virtual reality (VR) is a valuable tool for the treatment and prevention of psychiatric disorders and dysfunctional behaviors. Although VR software is mainly developed following a disorder-specific approach, this randomized controlled trial (RCT) will test the efficacy of a new transdiagnostic VR application (H.O.M.E. VR-based psychological intervention) in improving dysfunctional behaviors, three transdiagnostic factors concurrently (emotion regulation, experiential avoidance, and psychological...
- miRNAs and Substances Abuse: Clinical and Forensic Pathological Implications: A Systematic Reviewby Carla Occhipinti on 9 Dicembre 2023
Substance addiction is a chronic and relapsing brain disorder characterized by compulsive seeking and continued substance use, despite adverse consequences. The high prevalence and social burden of addiction are indisputable; however, the available intervention is insufficient. The modulation of gene expression and aberrant adaptation of neural networks are attributed to the changes in brain functions under repeated exposure to addictive substances. Considerable studies have demonstrated that...
- The Interplay Between Gut Microbiota and Central Nervous Systemby Teresa Gervasi on 8 Dicembre 2023
This review highlights the relationships between gastrointestinal microorganisms and the brain. The gut microbiota communicates with the central nervous system through nervous, endocrine, and immune signalling mechanisms. Our brain can modulate the gut microbiota structure and function through the autonomic nervous system, and possibly through neurotransmitters which directly act on bacterial gene expression. In this context, oxidative stress is one the main factors involved in the dysregulation...
- Public interest in psilocybin and psychedelic therapy in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: A Google Trends analysisby George Danias on 8 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: These data suggests that overall interest in psilocybin and psychedelic therapy increased at faster rates and to higher levels than before the pandemic. This is consistent with our hypothesis that interest increased for these treatments after the pandemic as incidence of depression, anxiety, and addiction increased. However, there may be other drivers of interest in these topics, since interest in antidepressants, the typical pharmacologic treatments for depression and anxiety,...
- Ketamine in DUID cases in the greater Cologne areaby L Lucuta on 8 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: The presented cases provide additional data on psychomotor impairments observed in ketamine-related DUID cases. Limiting factors are co-consumption of substances, unknown habituation to drugs and the limited case number. Nevertheless, the results of this study are comparable with existing literature data. Since the abuse of ketamine has increased in the past years, these data will support forensic casework.
- Immunoassay Urine Drug Testing among Patients Receiving Opioids at a Safety-Net Palliative Medicine Clinicby John M Halphen on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: Despite limitations of immunoassay UDT, it was able to detect aberrant drug-taking behaviors in a significant number of patients seen at a safety-net hospital palliative care clinic, including cocaine use. These findings support universal UDT monitoring and utility of immunoassay-based UDT in resource-limited settings.
- Distribution and Chemistry of Phoenixin-14, a Newly Discovered Sensory Transmission Molecule in Porcine Afferent Neuronsby Urszula Mazur on 9 Dicembre 2023
Phoenixin-14 (PNX), initially discovered in the rat hypothalamus, was also detected in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells, where its involvement in the regulation of pain and/or itch sensation was suggested. However, there is a lack of data not only on its distribution in DRGs along individual segments of the spinal cord, but also on the pattern(s) of its co-occurrence with other sensory neurotransmitters. To fill the above-mentioned gap and expand our knowledge about the occurrence of PNX in...
- Bisphenol A Effects on Neurons' Neurochemical Character in the Urinary Bladder Intramural Ganglia of Domestic Pigsby Krystyna Makowska on 9 Dicembre 2023
Bisphenol A (BPA), a substance globally used to produce plastics, is part of many everyday items, including bottles, food containers, electronic elements, and others. It may penetrate the environment and living organisms, negatively affecting, among others, the nervous, immune, endocrine, and cardiovascular systems. Knowledge of the impact of BPA on the urinary bladder is extremely scarce. This study investigated the influence of two doses of BPA (0.05 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)/day and 0.5 mg/kg...
- Metformin Prevents Cocaine Sensitization: Involvement of Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase Trafficking between Subcellular Compartments in the Corticostriatal Reward Circuitby Rachel Aruldas on 9 Dicembre 2023
Repeated cocaine exposure produces an enhanced locomotor response (sensitization) paralleled by biological adaptations in the brain. Previous studies demonstrated region-specific responsivity of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to repeated cocaine exposure. AMPK maintains cellular energy homeostasis at the organismal and cellular levels. Here, our objective was to quantify changes in phosphorylated (active) and total AMPK in the cytosol and synaptosome of the medial...
- miRNAs and Substances Abuse: Clinical and Forensic Pathological Implications: A Systematic Reviewby Carla Occhipinti on 9 Dicembre 2023
Substance addiction is a chronic and relapsing brain disorder characterized by compulsive seeking and continued substance use, despite adverse consequences. The high prevalence and social burden of addiction are indisputable; however, the available intervention is insufficient. The modulation of gene expression and aberrant adaptation of neural networks are attributed to the changes in brain functions under repeated exposure to addictive substances. Considerable studies have demonstrated that...
- Human Butyrylcholinesterase Mutants for (-)-Cocaine Hydrolysis: A Correlation Relationship between Catalytic Efficiency and Total Hydrogen Bonding Energy with an Oxyanion Holeby Fang Zheng on 8 Dicembre 2023
A combined computational and experimental study has been carried out to explore and test a quantitative correlation relationship between the relative catalytic efficiency (RCE) of human butyrylcholinesrase (BChE) mutant-catalyzed hydrolysis of substrate (-)-cocaine and the total hydrogen bonding energy (tHBE) of the carbonyl oxygen of the substrate with the oxyanion hole of the enzyme in the modeled transition-state structure (TS1), demonstrating a satisfactory linear correlation relationship...
- Associations between neonatal nutrition and visual outcomes in 7-year-old children born very pretermby Mukhit Kulmaganbetov on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate subtle but complex associations between early neonatal nutrition after very preterm birth and visual development at school age.
- Prevalence and determinants of perinatal mental disorders in women with gestational diabetes in New Zealand: Findings from a national longitudinal studyby Phyllis Ohene-Agyei on 8 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: Perinatal mental disorders are common at time of diagnosis among women with gestational diabetes in New Zealand and had decreased by late pregnancy and at 6 months after birth. These disorders are more common among women with specific risk factors who may therefore benefit from additional support.
- Timing of Primary Surgery for Cleft Palate. Replyby Carrol Gamble on 8 Dicembre 2023
No abstract
- Stressful Life Events and Problem Gambling Among Chinese Lottery Gamblers: The Mediating Effects of Coping Strategies and Magical Thinkingby Yijun Jin on 8 Dicembre 2023
Problem gambling poses serious harm to individuals and societies worldwide. This study aims to investigate the relationship between stressful life events and problem gambling, and further explore the mediating role of coping strategies and magical thinking. Currently, the research on problem gambling is widely conducted worldwide. However, due to the unique characteristics of China's gambling industry, research on problem gambling conducted in the Chinese mainland has always been an...
- 'It's a gamble': A phenomenological exploration of medical students' learning experiences as newcomers to clinical communities of practiceby Alistair W R Taylor on 7 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: Passivity in students is a result of modifiable factors in the workplace. To encourage proactivity, clinicians must enable students to move from observation to participation as their competence increases. Participation should be supervised, challenging and should contribute to patient care. Time pressures can make this difficult; one solution is to nominate a clinician to direct students and account for this in their workload or to employ a clinical fellow to assist with student...
- Transdiagnostic inflexible learning dynamics explain deficits in depression and schizophreniaby Hans Kirschner on 7 Dicembre 2023
Deficits in reward learning are core symptoms across many mental disorders. Recent work suggests that such learning impairments arise by a diminished ability to use reward history to guide behaviour, but the neuro-computational mechanisms through which these impairments emerge remain unclear. Moreover, limited work has taken a transdiagnostic approach to investigate whether the psychological and neural mechanisms that give rise to learning deficits are shared across forms of psychopathology. To...
- Reduction in pappalysin-2 levels and lower IGF-I bioavailability in female adolescents with anorexia nervosaby Vicente Barrios on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: The reduction of PAPP-A2 in patients with AN may be involved in a decline in IGFBP cleavage, which could underlie the decrease in IGF-I bioavailability that is influenced by nutritional status and amenorrhea.
- Validation of a Latin-American Spanish version of the Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (BESAA-LA) in Colombian and Nicaraguan adultsby Fabienne E Andres on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: The Latin-American Spanish version of the BESAA (BESAA-LA) appears to be a psychometrically sound measure with good reliability, validity and invariance across gender and countries. These results support the use of this scale to measure body satisfaction/dissatisfaction in Latin American adult populations.
- A Pilot Multisensory Approach for Emotional Eating: Pivoting from Virtual Reality to a 2-D Telemedicine Intervention during the COVID-19 Pandemicby Clelia Malighetti on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: This novel pilot study makes a valuable contribution to the scant literature by demonstrating the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of combining somatic, multisensory, and cognitive manipulations delivered via telemedicine to help patients with EE to manage their emotions. The findings can serve as the basis for larger, controlled studies evaluating the translation of the somatic marker theory from the research literature into real-world U.S. clinic settings.
- The Psychological and Medical Landscape of Anorexia Nervosa over a Decade: A Retrospective Study of Possible Physical and Psychological Shiftsby Paolo Meneguzzo on 9 Dicembre 2023
In recent years, the definition, clinical characteristics, and psychological aspects of anorexia nervosa (AN) have undergone notable changes, influenced by various factors such as biology, psychology, and the environment. The COVID-19 pandemic is one such external factor that has been preliminarily identified as affecting the clinical presentation of AN. This study specifically aims to assess the alterations in psychological and medical features observed in individuals with AN during the...
- Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial Testing the Efficacy of a Transdiagnostic Virtual Reality-Based Intervention for the Reduction of Unhealthy Lifestyles and Behaviors in the General Populationby Valentina Gardini on 9 Dicembre 2023
Virtual reality (VR) is a valuable tool for the treatment and prevention of psychiatric disorders and dysfunctional behaviors. Although VR software is mainly developed following a disorder-specific approach, this randomized controlled trial (RCT) will test the efficacy of a new transdiagnostic VR application (H.O.M.E. VR-based psychological intervention) in improving dysfunctional behaviors, three transdiagnostic factors concurrently (emotion regulation, experiential avoidance, and psychological...
- A Review of the Nutritional Approach and the Role of Dietary Components in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Light of the Latest Scientific Researchby Seda Önal on 9 Dicembre 2023
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects several areas of mental development. The onset of ASD occurs in the first few years of life, usually before the age of 3 years. Proper nutrition is important to ensure that an individual's nutrient and energy requirements are met, and it can also have a moderating effect on the progression of the disorder. A systematic database search was conducted as a narrative review to determine whether nutrition and specific diets...
- Detection of Factors Related to the Development of Osteochondritis Dissecans in Youth Baseball Players Screeningby Shotaro Teruya on 9 Dicembre 2023
On-field screening for 'elbow injury in baseball', a condition commonly seen in youth baseball players, was conducted over two years on 160 elementary school students in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. This on-field screening was conducted in collaboration with the Ibaraki Prefecture High School Baseball Federation. Pitchers, catchers, symptomatic players, and players who had previously experienced elbow pain were given a comprehensive evaluation that included a physical exam and ultrasound. Out of...
- The Parallel Pandemic: A Systematic Review on the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on OCD among Children and Adolescentsby Nasong A Luginaah on 8 Dicembre 2023
The COVID-19 pandemic and the accompanying social changes severely impacted mental health globally. Children and adolescents may have been vulnerable to adverse mental health outcomes, especially obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), due to their underdeveloped resilience and coping skills stemming from their progressing physical and psychological development. Few studies have explored the parallels between the pandemic and OCD trends in this population. This systematic review aims to identify...
- Implicit aggressive self-concept in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: Results from an approach-avoidance taskby Josefine Gehlenborg on 8 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: The present study supports previous studies reporting the absence of higher aggressiveness in patients with OCD compared to healthy controls using implicit measures. However, in contrast to previous studies, we found an implicit approach bias towards aggressive self-statements for OCD patients scoring high in the symptom dimensions obsessing and hoarding compared to healthy controls. Future studies should further elucidate putative functional relationships between different OCD...
- Analysis of orbitofacial anthropometry in children with pseudostrabismusby V Kavitha on 7 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: This study helps in documenting the anthropometric pattern of the orbitofacial parameters in children with pseudostrabismus which can act as reference data. This helps in the management of orbitofacial, craniofacial syndromes/deformities and lid reconstructive surgeries in retaining ethnical features and obtaining better function. In children's spectacle frame 1 and lens making, where measuring IPD is difficult, cIPD can be a simple alternative.
- Predictors of EX/RP alone versus EX/RP with medication for adults with OCD: does medication status moderate outcomes?by Michael G Wheaton on 6 Dicembre 2023
Exposure and response prevention (EX/RP) can be delivered as monotherapy or to augment serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs). While both options are considered effective OCD treatments, responses are heterogenous. Substantial work has investigated EX/RP predictors to account for this variability in responses, with mixed findings. Little research has studied whether EX/RP predictors may differ in medicated versus non-medicated samples (i.e., medication status as a moderator). We pooled data from...
- Hyperconnecitivity between dorsal attention and frontoparietal networks predicts treatment response in obsessive-compulsive disorderby Hasan Bakay on 6 Dicembre 2023
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) presented with repetitive obsessions and/or compulsions were associated with disrupted resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC). To investigate the pharmacological treatment effect on rs-FC changes in OCD patients we conducted the seed-to-voxel FC analyses using dorsal attention network (DAN), default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN) and frontoparietal network (FPN) and basal ganglia seeds. Twenty-two healthy subjects and twenty-four unmedicated...
- Australian clinical feasibility considerations for treatment of PTSD with cannabinoid-augmented exposure therapyby Luke J Ney on 8 Dicembre 2023
No abstract
- Association of Public Works Disasters with Substance Use Difficulties: Evidence from Flint, Michigan, Five Years after the Water Crisis Onsetby Tuviere Onookome-Okome on 8 Dicembre 2023
Public works environmental disasters such as the Flint water crisis typically occur in disenfranchised communities with municipal disinvestment and co-occurring risks for poor mental health (poverty, social disconnection). We evaluated the long-term interplay of the crisis and these factors with substance use difficulties five years after the crisis onset. A household probability sample of 1970 adults living in Flint during the crisis was surveyed about their crisis experiences, use of...
- Yoga vs Cognitive Processing Therapy for Military Sexual Trauma-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trialby Belle Zaccari on 8 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this comparative effectiveness randomized clinical trial, TCTSY was equivalent to CPT in reducing PTSD symptom severity, with both groups improving significantly. The higher treatment completion rate for TCTSY indicates its higher acceptability as an effective and acceptable PTSD treatment for women veterans with PTSD related to MST that could address current VA PTSD treatment limitations.
- The mutual overlapping impact of stress and infection on mental health problems in adolescents and youths during and after COVID-19 pandemic in Chinaby Mao-Sheng Ran on 8 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: COVID-19 related psychological stress and infection per se have mutually overlapping impacts on mental health problems among students. Further health policies and psychosocial interventions should be developed to reduce mutually overlapping impact and improve the long-term mental health among students.
- Prevalence and influencing factors of PTSD symptoms among healthcare workers: A multicenter cross-sectional study during the surge period of the COVID-19 pandemic since December 2022 in the Chinese mainlandby Yijin Wu on 8 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: High prevalence of PTSD symptoms among HCWs necessitates psychological interventions. Tailored interventions, designed by professional psychiatrists, should be tailored to address the stressors. A comprehensive approach, incorporating mindfulness, resilience-building, and perceived social support enhancement, is vital to bolster the mental well-being of HCWs exposed to traumatic events, thus mitigating the impact of PTSD effectively. Additionally, it is essential to provide support...
- Mission Alliance Community Engagement Project: Exploring the Impact of COVID-19 on Social Isolation, Loneliness, Mental Health and Wellbeing in Veteransby Beth A Pratt on 8 Dicembre 2023
During the Coronavirus disease pandemic, many U.S. veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experienced increased symptomology and worsened mental health and well-being due in part to social isolation and loneliness. The Mission Alliance project explored these ramifications and prioritized critical issues expressed by U.S. veterans and stakeholders (N = 182) during virtual regional meetings (N = 32). Field notes created specifically for this project were recorded and thematically...
- Motor Cortex Inhibition and Facilitation Correlates with Fibromyalgia Compensatory Mechanisms and Pain: A Cross-Sectional Studyby Kevin Pacheco-Barrios on 28 Giugno 2023
The role of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) measures as biomarkers of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) phenotypes is still unclear. We aimed to determine the clinical correlates of TMS measures in FMS patients. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis that included 58 patients. We performed standardized TMS assessments, including resting motor threshold (MT), motor-evoked potential (MEP), short intracortical inhibition (SICI), and intracortical facilitation (ICF). Sociodemographic, clinical...
- Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with fibromyalgia. A systematic reviewby Á Conde-Antón on 9 Aprile 2023
CONCLUSIONS: The application of tDCS to the motor cortex is the only intervention shown to decrease pain in the short and medium-term in patients with FM. The application of both interventions showed improvements in PPT, catastrophising and quality of life when applied to the motor cortex, and in fatigue when applied to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The effects of these interventions on anxiety and depression are unclear.
- Non-Invasive Electric and Magnetic Brain Stimulation for the Treatment of Fibromyalgiaby Andrés Molero-Chamizo on 29 Marzo 2023
Although fibromyalgia is defined by its core muscular nociceptive component, it also includes multiple dysfunctions that involve the musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, immune, endocrine, as well as the central and peripheral nervous systems, amongst others. The pathogenic involvement of the nervous system and the numerous neurological and neuroinflammatory symptoms of this disease may benefit from neuromodulatory stimulation techniques that have been shown to be effective and safe in diverse...
- Neural correlates of control over pain in fibromyalgia patientsby Benjamin Mosch on 27 Febbraio 2023
The perceived lack of control over the experience of pain is arguably-one major cause of agony and impaired life quality in patients with chronic pain disorders as fibromyalgia (FM). The way perceived control affects subjective pain as well as the underlying neural mechanisms have so far not been investigated in chronic pain. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine the neural correlates of self-controlled compared to computer-controlled heat pain in healthy controls (HC,...
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with fibromyalgia: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysisby Yangyang Wang on 1 Dicembre 2022
CONCLUSION: This study will provide systematic support of evidence-based medicine for TMS in fibromyalgia, integrate the results of direct and indirect comparisons of the efficacy of different rTMS protocol, and provide the best one.
- Motor cortex inhibition as a fibromyalgia biomarker: a meta-analysis of transcranial magnetic stimulation studiesby Kevin Pacheco-Barrios on 18 Luglio 2022
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a common and refractory chronic pain condition with multiple clinical phenotypes. The current diagnosis is based on a syndrome identification which can be subjective and lead to under or over-diagnosis. Therefore, there is a need for objective biomarkers for diagnosis, phenotyping, and prognosis (treatment response and follow-up) in fibromyalgia. Potential biomarkers are measures of cortical excitability indexed by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). However, no...
- Effective connectivity abnormalities in Lewy body disease with visual hallucinationsby Giorgio Leodori on 12 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: DLB, PD, and PDD patients with VHs had less effective connectivity of the right intraparietal sulcus within the DAN than patients without VHs.
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation neurophysiology in patients with non-Alzheimer's neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysisby Yu Mimura on 5 Novembre 2023
Non-Alzheimer's dementia (NAD) accounts for 30% of all neurodegenerative conditions and is characterized by cognitive decline beyond mere memory dysfunction. Diagnosing NAD remains challenging due to the lack of established biomarkers. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neurophysiological tool that enables the investigation of cortical excitability in the human brain. Paired-pulse TMS paradigms include short- and long-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI/LICI),...
- The Effects of Exercise on Synaptic Plasticity in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment: Protocol for a Pilot Intervention Studyby Karishma R Ramdeo on 18 Ottobre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: The proposed research is the first to assess whether synaptic plasticity is enhanced after exercise training in individuals with MCI. If exercise does indeed modify synaptic plasticity, this will create a new avenue by which we can study and manipulate neural plasticity in these individuals.
- Cortical excitability changes in patients of vascular parkinsonism with cognitive impairmentby Aakash Agrawal on 2 Ottobre 2023
CONCLUSION: Reduction in RMT and SICI in patients with VaP suggests abnormalities in GABAergic neurotransmission that may underlie cognitive impairment observed in them.
- Dopaminergic dysfunction: Role for genetic & epigenetic testing in the new psychiatryby Kenneth Blum on 29 Settembre 2023
Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS), particularly linked to addictive disorders, costs billions of dollars globally and has resulted in over one million deaths in the United States (US). Illicit substance use has been steadily rising and in 2021 approximately 21.9% (61.2 million) of individuals living in the US aged 12 or older had used illicit drugs in the past year. However, only 1.5% (4.1 million) of these individuals had received any substance use treatment. This increase in use and failure to...
- Current evidence, clinical applications, and future directions of transcranial magnetic stimulation as a treatment for ischemic strokeby Li Zhou on 3 Agosto 2023
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain neurostimulation technique that can be used as one of the adjunctive treatment techniques for neurological recovery after stroke. Animal studies have shown that TMS treatment of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model reduced cerebral infarct volume and improved neurological dysfunction in model rats. In addition, clinical case reports have also shown that TMS treatment has positive neuroprotective effects in stroke...
- Effects of brief cognitive behavioral therapy on mental health in substance-related disorder: a randomized controlled trialby Seyed Mohammad Amin Alavi on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: The results of the current study show that brief CBT is effective on psychiatric health, especially anxiety and sleep disorders, whereas brief CBT fails to affect the patient's depression, somatic symptoms, and social dysfunction.
- Research on Sleep Dynamics in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients Using Simple Sleep Testingby Naoko Nemoto on 9 Dicembre 2023
Sleep-disordered breathing affects children's growth and development, mental health, and learning ability. Postoperative scarring causes anteroposterior and vertical developmental disorders of the maxilla. Obstructive apnea is likely to occur due to the influence on the maxillofacial and airway morphology. In this study, we investigated the sleep-respiratory dynamics of school-aged children with unilateral cleft lip and palate by performing a simple overnight sleep study, maxillofacial...
- Clinical features of acute attacks, chronic symptoms, and long-term complications among patients with acute hepatic porphyria in Japan: a real-world claims database studyby Yutaka Horie on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: In Japan, patients with AHP experience a high clinical burden in terms of acute attacks, chronic symptoms, and long-term complications. The clinical burden related to chronic symptoms and long-term complications was substantially higher in Japanese patients with AHP compared with a matched population without AHP. Recognizing these signs and symptoms of AHP may aid physicians in making an earlier diagnosis, which may help patients avoid attack triggers, implement disease management,...
- REM Sleep Behavior Disorder and Cognitive Functions in Parkinson's Patients: A Systematic Reviewby Giulia Marafioti on 9 Dicembre 2023
Sleep disorders, such as REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and excessive daytime sleepiness, are among the most common non-motor symptoms in subjects with Parkinson's disease (PD). Sleep disorders have a major negative impact on the quality of life of patients and their caregivers. In addition, REM sleep behavior disorder is an important risk factor for cognitive impairment in PD. This systematic review was conducted on studies investigating the influence of RBD on cognitive performance in PD...
- Maternal Stress, Anxiety, Well-Being, and Sleep Quality in Pregnant Women throughout Gestationby Rosalia Pascal on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: Maternal stress and anxiety, compromised maternal well-being, and sleep quality disturbances are prevalent throughout pregnancy. Anxiety and compromised sleep quality may increase over gestation. The screening of these conditions at different stages of pregnancy and awareness of the associated risk factors can help to identify women at potential risk.
- Evaluation of the Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Effect on Neurotrophins' Gene Expression and Protein Levelsby Agata Gabryelska on 9 Dicembre 2023
Neurotrophins (NT) might be associated with the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) due to concurrent intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation. Such a relationship could have implications for the health and overall well-being of patients; however, the literature on this subject is sparse. This study investigated the alterations in the serum protein concentration and the mRNA expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor...
- Comparative Study of the Efficacy of Anti-CGRP mAbs on Migraineurs: Analysis of the First Year of Therapy, 1-Month Suspension Period, and Reprisalby Yan Tereshko on 9 Dicembre 2023
Background: Few studies compare the clinical effectiveness of the three anti-CGRP mAbs. Moreover, no studies compare their efficacy during suspension and reprisal. Our study aimed to compare the efficacy of migraine frequency, intensity, and symptomatic medication intake during the first year of therapy, a 1-month suspension period, and a 3-month drug reprisal. Methods: A total of 160 migraineurs (chronic and high-frequency episodic) were treated with anti-CGRP mAbs (49 with fremanezumab, 55...
- Exploring Facial Thermography Patterns in Women with Chronic Migraineby Bruno Veloso Fracasso on 9 Dicembre 2023
(1) Background: Chronic migraine is a debilitating neurological condition affecting millions worldwide. This study delves into the facial point-of-care (POC) thermographic patterns of women with chronic migraine, aiming to shed light on the condition's pathophysiology and diagnostic potential. (2) Methods: Using infrared POC thermography, the facial temperature distribution of 24 female participants with chronic migraine were analyzed. (3) Results: The findings revealed significant temperature...
- Diamine Oxidase Interactions with Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Migraine Medicines in the Treatment of Migraineby Yaiza Tobajas on 9 Dicembre 2023
Histamine intolerance arises when there is a disparity between the production of histamine and the body's ability to break it down. In the gastrointestinal tract, the primary enzyme responsible for metabolizing ingested histamine is diamine oxidase (DAO), and a shortage of this enzyme has been associated with some diseases related to the respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous, muscular, and digestive systems, in addition to migraines. The treatment of migraines typically revolves around the...
- The Ketogenic Diet in the Prevention of Migraines in the Elderlyby Michal Fila on 9 Dicembre 2023
Migraines display atypical age dependence, as the peak of their prevalence occurs between the ages of 20-40 years. With age, headache attacks occur less frequently and are characterized by a lower amplitude. However, both diagnosis and therapy of migraines in the elderly are challenging due to multiple comorbidities and polypharmacy. Dietary components and eating habits are migraine triggers; therefore, nutrition is a main target in migraine prevention. Several kinds of diets were proposed to...
- Ion Channel Disturbances in Migraine Headache: Exploring the Potential Role of the Kynurenine System in the Context of the Trigeminovascular Systemby Eleonóra Spekker on 9 Dicembre 2023
Migraine is a primary headache disorder, which is an enormous burden to the healthcare system. While some aspects of the pathomechanism of migraines remain unknown, the most accepted theory is that activation and sensitization of the trigeminovascular system are essential during migraine attacks. In recent decades, it has been suggested that ion channels may be important participants in the pathogenesis of migraine. Numerous ion channels are expressed in the peripheral and central nervous...
- Dopaminergic Projections from the Hypothalamic A11 Nucleus to the Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus Are Involved in Bidirectional Migraine Modulationby Chenhao Li on 9 Dicembre 2023
Clinical imaging studies have revealed that the hypothalamus is activated in migraine patients prior to the onset of and during headache and have also shown that the hypothalamus has increased functional connectivity with the spinal trigeminal nucleus. The dopaminergic system of the hypothalamus plays an important role, and the dopamine-rich A11 nucleus may play an important role in migraine pathogenesis. We used intraperitoneal injections of glyceryl trinitrate to establish a model of acute...
- Reduction in pappalysin-2 levels and lower IGF-I bioavailability in female adolescents with anorexia nervosaby Vicente Barrios on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: The reduction of PAPP-A2 in patients with AN may be involved in a decline in IGFBP cleavage, which could underlie the decrease in IGF-I bioavailability that is influenced by nutritional status and amenorrhea.
- Validation of a Latin-American Spanish version of the Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (BESAA-LA) in Colombian and Nicaraguan adultsby Fabienne E Andres on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: The Latin-American Spanish version of the BESAA (BESAA-LA) appears to be a psychometrically sound measure with good reliability, validity and invariance across gender and countries. These results support the use of this scale to measure body satisfaction/dissatisfaction in Latin American adult populations.
- A Pilot Multisensory Approach for Emotional Eating: Pivoting from Virtual Reality to a 2-D Telemedicine Intervention during the COVID-19 Pandemicby Clelia Malighetti on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: This novel pilot study makes a valuable contribution to the scant literature by demonstrating the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of combining somatic, multisensory, and cognitive manipulations delivered via telemedicine to help patients with EE to manage their emotions. The findings can serve as the basis for larger, controlled studies evaluating the translation of the somatic marker theory from the research literature into real-world U.S. clinic settings.
- The Psychological and Medical Landscape of Anorexia Nervosa over a Decade: A Retrospective Study of Possible Physical and Psychological Shiftsby Paolo Meneguzzo on 9 Dicembre 2023
In recent years, the definition, clinical characteristics, and psychological aspects of anorexia nervosa (AN) have undergone notable changes, influenced by various factors such as biology, psychology, and the environment. The COVID-19 pandemic is one such external factor that has been preliminarily identified as affecting the clinical presentation of AN. This study specifically aims to assess the alterations in psychological and medical features observed in individuals with AN during the...
- Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial Testing the Efficacy of a Transdiagnostic Virtual Reality-Based Intervention for the Reduction of Unhealthy Lifestyles and Behaviors in the General Populationby Valentina Gardini on 9 Dicembre 2023
Virtual reality (VR) is a valuable tool for the treatment and prevention of psychiatric disorders and dysfunctional behaviors. Although VR software is mainly developed following a disorder-specific approach, this randomized controlled trial (RCT) will test the efficacy of a new transdiagnostic VR application (H.O.M.E. VR-based psychological intervention) in improving dysfunctional behaviors, three transdiagnostic factors concurrently (emotion regulation, experiential avoidance, and psychological...
- A Review of the Nutritional Approach and the Role of Dietary Components in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Light of the Latest Scientific Researchby Seda Önal on 9 Dicembre 2023
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects several areas of mental development. The onset of ASD occurs in the first few years of life, usually before the age of 3 years. Proper nutrition is important to ensure that an individual's nutrient and energy requirements are met, and it can also have a moderating effect on the progression of the disorder. A systematic database search was conducted as a narrative review to determine whether nutrition and specific diets...
- Effects of brief cognitive behavioral therapy on mental health in substance-related disorder: a randomized controlled trialby Seyed Mohammad Amin Alavi on 9 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: The results of the current study show that brief CBT is effective on psychiatric health, especially anxiety and sleep disorders, whereas brief CBT fails to affect the patient's depression, somatic symptoms, and social dysfunction.
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation with and without a Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Breathlessness in People Living with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Randomized Controlled Trialby Marie T Williams on 9 Dicembre 2023
(1) Background: Most controlled trials of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) in people living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have targeted anxiety and depression. (2) Methods: This pragmatic randomized controlled trial explored whether a comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation program (CPRP) with CBT for breathlessness or social group control (CPRP + SC) significantly improved health outcomes. (3) Results: People with moderate-to-severe COPD were block randomized (CPRP + CBT n =...
- A Bayesian Analysis of a Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Intervention for High-Risk People on Probationby SeungHoon Han on 8 Dicembre 2023
This analysis employs a Bayesian framework to estimate the impact of a Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) intervention on the recidivism of high-risk people under community supervision. The study relies on the reanalysis of experimental datal using a Bayesian logistic regression model. In doing so, new estimates of programmatic impact were produced using weakly informative Cauchy priors and the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo method. The Bayesian analysis indicated that CBT reduced the prevalence of new...
- The Effect of Exercise Therapy on Adolescent Mental Health: A Systematic Review with Practical Exampleby Carolin Donath on 8 Dicembre 2023
The Effect of Exercise Therapy on Adolescent Mental Health: A Systematic Review with Practical Example Abstract: The mental health of children and adolescents in Germany is currently highly burdened. Because of the psychotherapeutic care situation, easily accessible, less stigmatizing, and efficient offers are urgently needed. Exercise therapy would be one possibility. However, the effectiveness of such offers must first be proven. We conducted a systematic review concerning the effectiveness of...
- Evaluation and management of insomnia in the clinical practice in Italy: a 2023 update from the Insomnia Expert Consensus Groupby Laura Palagini on 8 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that symptoms of insomnia must be assessed in the Italian clinical practice by evaluating nocturnal and daytime symptoms, comorbid conditions, and lifestyle. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia should be the first option according to availability. The choice of the drug should be based on different factors including type of insomnia, age, comorbidities, and potential side effects. If the choice would be a Z-drug or a short-acting benzodiazepine (in...
- Yoga vs Cognitive Processing Therapy for Military Sexual Trauma-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trialby Belle Zaccari on 8 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this comparative effectiveness randomized clinical trial, TCTSY was equivalent to CPT in reducing PTSD symptom severity, with both groups improving significantly. The higher treatment completion rate for TCTSY indicates its higher acceptability as an effective and acceptable PTSD treatment for women veterans with PTSD related to MST that could address current VA PTSD treatment limitations.
- The improvement of motor symptoms in Huntington's disease during cariprazine treatmentby Reka Csehi on 2 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: This is the first study investigating the effectiveness of a D2-D3 partial agonist, cariprazine, in the treatment of HD. The findings of this study revealed that cariprazine was effective in the treatment of a wide range of motor symptoms associated with HD.
- Home-administered transcranial direct current stimulation with asynchronous remote supervision in the treatment of depression: feasibility, tolerability, and clinical effectivenessby Theodoros Koutsomitros on 29 Novembre 2023
INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND: Depression is an often chronic condition, characterized by wide-ranging physical, cognitive and psychosocial symptoms that can lead to disability, premature mortality or suicide. It affects 350 million people globally, yet up to 30% do not respond to traditional treatment, creating an urgent need for novel non-pharmacological treatments. This open-label naturalistic study assesses the practical feasibility, tolerability, and clinical effectiveness of home-administered...
- Managing substance use in patients receiving therapeutic repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: A scoping reviewby Victor M Tang on 26 Novembre 2023
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is an invaluable treatment option for neuropsychiatric disorders. Co-occurring recreational and nonmedical substance use can be common in those presenting for rTMS treatment, and it is unknown how it may affect the safety and efficacy of rTMS for the treatment of currently approved neuropsychiatric indications. This scoping review aimed to map the literature on humans receiving rTMS and had a history of any type of substance use. The search...
- Alterations in Brain Activity Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Their Relation to Decision Makingby Lexie Lawson on 24 Novembre 2023
Understanding the intricate dynamics between conscious choice and neural processes is crucial for unraveling the complexity of human decision-making. This study investigates the effects of inhibitory Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) on choice bias, shedding light on the malleability of cognitive-motor functions involved in decisions. While reaction times remained unaffected, inhibitory TMS to either the left or right motor cortex led to a significant bias in screen side preference during...
- Study on after-effect of electroacupuncture with different time intervals on corticospinal excitability in primary motor cortexby Meng-Meng Xie on 21 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: Under physiological conditions, EA has obvious after-effect on corticospinal excitability and upper limb motor function. The short-term interval protocol (6 h) blocks the after-effect of EA to a certain extent, while the long-term interval protocol (48 h) prolongs the after-effect of EA.
- Adaptation and exogenous attention interact in the early visual cortex: A TMS studyby Hsing-Hao Lee on 14 Novembre 2023
Our capacity to process information is constrained by the limited energy available to the brain and the high energy cost of cortical computation [1]. To help manage limited resources and optimize our sensitivity to visual information, adaptation diminishes sensitivity for repetitive stimuli, whereas attention enhances the representation of relevant information [2]. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to early visual cortex (V1/V2) eliminates the response-gain effect of exogenous...
