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- Exploring the role of Transcranial magnetic stimulation in cognitive impairment and sarcopenia: a narrative reviewby Yuhong Wang on 18 Luglio 2025
Sarcopenia and cognitive impairment (CI) are major contributors to disability among the elderly, diminishing their quality of life and placing also a significant burden on healthcare systems and societies. There are currently no effective treatments for sarcopenia and CI. Interestingly, recent research has revealed a strong connection between these two conditions. Although the exact mechanisms of this relationship remain unclear, factors such as chronic inflammation, mitochondrial oxidative...
- Prognostic and Prescriptive Predictors of Treatment Response to Adjunctive VNS Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder: A RECOVER Trial Reportby Scott T Aaronson on 17 Luglio 2025
Objective: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy is a long-term intervention for treatment-resistant major depression (TRD) adjunctive to treatment as usual (TAU). To enhance clinical decision- making, we identified subgroups that respond especially well or poorly with active VNS vs no stimulation sham VNS (prognostic predictors) and subgroups that specifically benefit from active VNS vs sham VNS (prescriptive predictors).
- Effects of Cerebellar Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation at Different Frequencies on Working Memory: An EEG Studyby Bo Song on 16 Luglio 2025
CONCLUSION: Taken together, rTMS at 5 Hz applied to the cerebellar Crus II region significantly enhances neural oscillatory activity and improves working memory.
- Precision Neuromodulation with Real-Time Brain Decoding for Working Memory Enhancementby Ahsan Khan on 16 Luglio 2025
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has transformed non-invasive brain therapies but faces challenges due to variability in outcomes, likely stemming from inter-individual differences in brain function. This study aimed to address this challenge by integrating personalized functional networks (PFNs) derived from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a neural network-based decoder to optimize stimulation in real time during a working memory (WM) task. After identification of...
- Multimodal Evidence for Hippocampal Engagement and Modulation by Functional Connectivity-Guided Parietal TMSby Zhuoran Li on 15 Luglio 2025
Hippocampal activity supports memory and many other brain functions. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) guided by hippocampal functional connectivity (FC) shows promise in improving memory, but direct neural evidence of its capacity to engage and modulate hippocampal activity is lacking. Here we combined TMS with intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) in 8 neurosurgical patients and with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 79 neurologically healthy participants. We...
- Effects of multi-site non-invasive brain stimulation on cognitive impairment after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysisby Heling Wang on 15 Luglio 2025
CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis provides evidence supporting that MS-NIBS, as an emerging neuromodulatory tool, is superior to SS-NIBS in improving the overall cognitive abilities of stroke patients. However, given the limited number of included studies, it is necessary to further validate these findings through large-scale, multi-center, double-blind, and high-quality RCTs.
- A Mini-Review on Unlocking Cognitive Enhancement: An Innovative Strategy for Optimal Brain Functionsby Akash Vikal on 15 Luglio 2025
Cognitive enhancement, aimed at improving or preserving memory, attention, and executive functions, has gained significant interest from both the scientific community and the public. This review explores various strategies for enhancing cognitive function, including natural compounds, synthetic enhancers, and behavioural approaches. Natural compounds like curcumin, Ginkgo biloba, Panax ginseng, and Rhodiola rosea are examined for their cognitive benefits, with ongoing research on their...
- Neural circuit for Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Causal Clinical Validationby Shaoyang Wang on 15 Luglio 2025
CONCLUSIONS: This study successfully explored and validated the NSSI circuit using a targeted treatment. TMS targeting the NSSI circuit significantly improved NSSI symptoms and changed the activity levels of specific brain regions of the NSSI circuit. These findings offer a new perspective for a deeper understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying NSSI and provide a scientific basis for developing new treatment methods.
- Modulating Brain Excitability with Cardiovascular Exercise in Chronic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trialby Lynden Rodrigues on 10 Luglio 2025
CONCLUSIONS: Chronic CE increases excitatory ILH CSE measures and reduces interhemispheric imbalances but intensity does not have a moderating effect. More studies are needed to determine the functional relevance of exercise-induced changes in CSE in post-stroke recovery.
- Effect of augmentation with aripiprazole or augmentation with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation versus switching to the antidepressant venlafaxine extended release/duloxetine on cognition: A comparative effectiveness research trial for antidepressant incomplete and non-responders with treatment-resistant depression (ASCERTAIN-TRD)by Clotilde Guidetti on 9 Luglio 2025
Subjective cognitive impairment is a key symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD). Improvement of cognitive function in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is an important treatment outcome. This study compared the impact of augmenting antidepressants with aripiprazole or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) versus switching to venlafaxine (or duloxetine for those not eligible to receive venlafaxine) on cognition in TRD patients. In a pre-defined secondary...
- Subgenual anterior cingulate cortex functional connectivity abnormalities in depression: insights from brain imaging big data and precision-guided personalized intervention via transcranial magnetic stimulationby Xiao Chen on 8 Luglio 2025
The subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) plays a central role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Its functional interactive profile with the left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is associated with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) treatment outcomes. Previous research on sgACC functional connectivity (FC) in MDD has yielded inconsistent results, partly due to small sample sizes and limited statistical power. Furthermore, calculating sgACC-FC to...
- Sensory Entrained TMS (seTMS) Enhances Motor Cortex Excitabilityby Jessica M Ross on 7 Luglio 2025
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied to the motor cortex has revolutionized the study of motor physiology in humans. Despite this, TMS-evoked electrophysiological responses show significant fluctuation, due in part to inconsistencies between TMS pulse timing and ongoing brain oscillations. Small or inconsistent responses to TMS limit mechanistic insights and clinical efficacy, necessitating the development of methods to precisely coordinate the timing of TMS pulses to the phase of...
- The impact of cannabis use on cortical excitability and inhibitory mechanisms: A case-control studyby Eman M Khedr on 5 Luglio 2025
Cannabis use has been linked to alterations in brain function, yet its effects on cortical excitability and inhibition remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the impact of cannabis use on cortical excitability, intracortical inhibition and sensory inhibition, and to examine whether changes correlate with clinical data. A total of 16 cannabis users and 20 controls were included in this study. Each was assessed with the following: Symptom checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), Montreal cognitive...
- Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation over the primary motor cortex on short-term balance acquisition in healthy individualsby Ömer Burak Tor on 4 Luglio 2025
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence that tDCS over the M1 area facilitates balance skill acquisition, possibly by facilitating motor preparation and execution and improving the efficiency of sensorimotor integration processes, as shown by decreased alpha power and N1 latency. These findings may have implications for the potential use of tDCS in improving balance control.
- Research on transcranial magnetic stimulation for stroke rehabilitation: a visual analysis based on CiteSpaceby Xiang Ji on 4 Luglio 2025
CONCLUSION: TMS, a noninvasive brain stimulation technique, has been applied to improve stroke patients' functional outcomes and daily living skills. Future investigations should integrate TMS with cutting-edge technologies including artificial intelligence and brain‒computer interfaces to uncover its full potential in restoring neural function in stroke survivors.